Description

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance and relative lack of insulin. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination and unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, feeling tired, and sores that do not heal. Long-term complications from high blood sugar include heart disease, stroke (paralysis), diabetic retinopathy which can result in blindness, kidney failure and poor blood flow in the limbs which may lead to amputations. The sudden onset of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state may occur. Type 2 diabetes primarily occurs as a result of obesity and lack of exercise. Some people are more genetically at risk than others. Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes, with the other 10% due primarily to Type 1 diabetes mellitus and Gestational diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes is partly preventable by staying a normal weight, exercising regularly, and eating properly. Treatment involves exercise, dietary changes and medication